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四级词汇分频(英语四级分频词汇表)
非谓语动词一直是CET-4的一个重点考查项目,其中分词表原因(特别是现在分词表原因)出现频率便结合历年的CET-4真题对分词表示原因进行讲解。
一、分词逻辑主语与句子的主语一致
分词作状语表示原因,相当于as, since,because等引导的原因状语从句。
1.______the earth to be flat,many feared thatColumbus would falloffthe edge of the earth.
A.Having believed B.BelievingC.Believed D.Being believed
(96.6-22答案B)
(=Since many people believed that...)
分词作原因状语表示的动作是主语动作的一部分,与谓语表示的动作(或状态)是同时或几乎同时发生的。现在分词表主动,过去分词表被动。现在分词的否定形式为not doing。
2.Having no money but________to know,he simply said he would go without dinner.
A.no to want anyoneB.not wanting anyone
C.wanted no one D.to want no one(93.6-47答案B)
3.Realizing thathe hadn’tenough money and_______to borrow from his father,he decided to sell his watch.
A.not wanted B.no to wantC.not wanting D.wanting not
(95.1-67答案C)
4.The speaker,for her splendid speeches,was warmly received by the audience.
A.having known B.being known
C.knowing D.known
(91.6答案D)
如果分词表示的动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,就需要用分词的完成形式。现在分词完成式的否定形式为not having done。
5.______in a seemingly endless war,the general was forced to evaluate the situationagain.
A.Since the loss of 50,000soldiers
B.Because of 50,000soldiers having lost
C.Having lost over 50,000soldiers
D.50,000soldiers werelost(93.1-59答案C)
二、分词逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致
分词作状语时,在少数情况下,其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致,分词用来修饰全句。这种结构只限于少数几个动词,如considering, generally speaking,judging from,talking of(谈到),putting it mildly(说得客气一点)等。其中considering可以表示原因。
有时,分词带有自己的逻辑主语,构成独立结构,也可以表示原因。
6.All flights_______because of the snowstorm,any passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A.had been canceledB.have been canceled
C.were canceledD.having been canceled
(99.1-51答案D)
巩固练习:
1._______an answer from the committee,hewas worried and decided to fly to Parishimself.
A.Having not got B.Getting not
C.Not having gotD.Having no been got
2._______,all the quarrels came to an end.
A.The lost money was foundB.Was the lost money found
C.Because the lost money foundD.With the lost money found
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